Acidentes de trabalho entre profissionais da limpeza hospitalar em uma capital do Nordeste, Brasil / Workplace accidents among hospital cleaning professionals at a hospital in the city of Maranhão, Brazil

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a prevalência e os fatores associados aos acidentes de trabalho entre profissionais da limpeza hospitalar. Foram entrevistados 199 trabalhadores da limpeza de seis hospitais em São Luís, Maranhão, Brasil. Primeiramente, realizou-se análise univariada e, posteriormente, utilizaram-se as análises de regressão de Poisson com variância robusta, com modelagem hierarquizada dos dados a fim de estimar razões de prevalências (RP) entre as variáveis independentes e o desfecho (acidentes de trabalho). Houve prevalência de 13,57% de acidentes de trabalho, destes, 81,48% ocorridos com materiais perfurocortantes. Ao final da análise multivariada, identificaram-se fatores associados á ocorrência de acidentes de trabalho: idade de 18 a 30 anos, ter ensino médio incompleto, tempo de serviço de 2 a 5 anos, segregação inadequada dos resíduos de serviços de saúde (RSS), ter capacitação somente na admissão, não considerar os riscos dos resíduos à saúde e o não uso de equipamento de proteção individual (EPI). Os fatores avaliados apresentaram-se associados significativamente aos acidentes de trabalho e ressaltam a importância da educação permanente em saúde, com ênfase em capacitações periódicas e uso de EPI.

Abstract The goal of this study was to investigate the prevalence and factors associated with workplace accidents among hospital cleaning professionals. This is a cross-sectional, analytical study of a sample of 199 cleaning workers at six hospitals in São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil. We first ran a univariate analysis, and later the Poisson regression analyzes with robust variance were used, with hierarchized modeling of the data in order to estimate the prevalence ratios (PR) between the independent variables and the outcome (workplace accidents). The prevalence of workplace accidents is 13.57%, 81.48% of them with sharps. At the end of the multivariate analysis the following were found to be associated with workplace accidents: age between 18 and 30, not having a high-school degree, on the job for 2 to 5 years, inadequate segregation of health service waste (HSW), training only on admission, failure to consider the health hazards of hospital waste and failure to use personal protective equipment (PPE). Our findings reinforce the importance of continued health education, stressing periodic training and the use of PPE.

Unions, Health and Safety Committees, and Workplace Accidents in the Korean Manufacturing Sector

BACKGROUND: Despite the declining trend of workplace accidents in Republic of Korea, its level is still quite high compared with that in other developed countries. Factors that are responsible for high workplace accidents have not been well documented in Republic of Korea. The main purpose of this paper is to estimate the effects of unions and health and safety committees on workplace accidents in Korean manufacturing firms. We also allow for the interactions between unions and health and safety committees in the analysis. The results obtained in this paper will not only contribute to the literature in this field, but might also be useful for employers and worker representatives who are trying to find an effective way to reduce workplace accidents. METHODS: This paper utilizes the 2012 Occupational Safety and Health Trend Survey data, which is a unique data set providing information on workplace injuries and illness as well as other characteristics of participatory firms, representative of the manufacturing industry in Republic of Korea. RESULTS: In estimating the effects of unions and health and safety committees, we build a negative binomial regression model in which the interactions between unions and health and safety committees are permissible in reducing workplace accidents. CONCLUSION: Health and safety committees were found to reduce the incidence of accidents whereas unionized establishments have higher incidence of accidents than nonunionized establishments. We also found that health and safety committees can more effectively reduce accidents in nonunionized establishments. By contrast, nonexclusive joint committees can more effectively reduce accidents in unionized establishments.

Caracterización de la accidentalidad laboral reportada por las empresas afiladas a una Administradora de Riesgos Laborales ARL, enero - diciembre, 2011 / Characterization of occupational accidents reported by a sharp Risk Management Labour ARL companies, January - December, 2011

OBJETIVO: describir la accidentalidad laboral en 163.639 registros reportados a una Administradora de Riesgos Laborales durante el año 2011. METODOLOGIA: la exploración de los datos incluyó análisis univariado, or con su respectivo valor de significancia p (aceptado cuando fue menor a 0,05) y un modelo de regresión logística "Wald hacia adelante" con las variables que se comportaron como factores de riesgo y factores protectores. RESULTADOS: El 86,7% de los trabajadores accidentados fueron hombres, el 96,5% de los accidentes de trabajo fue clasificado como propio del trabajo, el 15,0% de los accidentes mortales se ubicó en la explotación carbonera y 469 accidentes de trabajo fueron mortales. Una de las principales dificultades en el análisis de la información se relacionó con la forma en que se consignan las variables en las bases de datos de accidentalidad. El modelo de regresión logística proporcionó información de algunas de las variables que explicaron con más fuerza el accidente de trabajo mortal: sexo masculino (OR: 6,0 IC 95%: 3,7 - 9,8); accidentarse laboralmente por tránsito (OR: 3,2 IC 95% 2,4 - 4,2); accidentarse laboralmente por violencia (OR: 6,1 IC 95%: 4,6 - 8,3) y lesión por asfixia (OR: 12,1 IC 95%: 5,5 - 26,7). CONCLUSION: van orientadas hacia el mejoramiento en el manejo de la información, para tener un panorama más completo de la accidentalidad laboral con el fin de plantear otros tipos de análisis.

OBJECTIVE:to describe 163,639 records of accidents at the workplace reported to an occupational risk management company in 2011. METHODOLOGY: the exploration of the data included univariate analysis, an or with its respective p value for significance (which was accepted when it was less than 0.05) and a "forward Wald" logistic regression model with variables which behaved as risk and protective factors. RESULTS : 86.7% of the injured workers were men, 96.5% of the accidents were classified as being particular to the job being carried out, 15.0% of the fatal accidents occurred in coal mining activities and 469 of the accidents were fatal. One of the main difficulties in the data analysis processwas related to the way in which variables are recorded intoaccident databases.The logistic regression model provided information on some of the variables that most strongly explained fatal work accidents: male gender (or: 6.0, 95% CI 3.7 to 9.8); having transportation-related work accidents (or: 3.2 95% CI 2.4 to 4.2); having violence-related work accidents (or: 6.1, 95% CI 4.6 to 8.3) and asphyxia injury (or: 12.1 95 %: 5.5 to 26.7). CONCLUSION: focus on improving information management in order to get a bigger picture on thestudied issue so that other types of analysis can be proposed.

A metodologia problematizadora na prevenção de acidentes em central de material e esterilizaçao / Problematizing methodology in accident prevention in a supply and sterile services center / La metodología problematizadora en la prevención de accidentes en central de material y esterilización

Estudo relata a experiência de educação continuada, pautada na metodologia problematizadora, tendo como cenário o Centro de Material e Esterilização; foi realizada em outubro de 2009 com 18 profissionais de enfermagem e 8 do serviço de higienização. Teve início partindo da observação da realidade laboral dos profissionais a partir da qual emergiram os pontos-chave relacionados a riscos ambientais do trabalho para a teorização, realizada por meio de roda de conversas, exposição de materiais instrucionais e outras dinâmicas de grupo. Após esta etapa, foram constituídas estratégias para suprir as necessidades oriundas da realidade concreta, por fim o conhecimentos (re)formulado foi aplicado em orientações com os pares. A partir dessa experiência, verificou-se que a aplicação da metodologia problematizadora possibilitou um novo modo de pensar, valorizar e aplicar o conhecimento pessoal no cotidiano da unidade...

This study relates an experience of continued education, based on problematizing methodology, which took place in a supplies and sterile services center. It was undertaken in October 2009 with 18 nursing professionals and eight staff from the sterilizing service. Its first stage was observation of the professionals' work reality, from which emerged the key points related to environmental risks at work. Theorization of these points was carried out through discussion groups, the showing of instructional materials, and other group dynamics. After this stage, strategies for supplying the necessities originating in concrete reality and lastly the knowledge (re)-formulated was applied in orientation of peers. As a result of this experience, it was verified that the application of problematizing methodology rendered possible a new way of thinking, valuing and applying personal knowledge in the unit's daily routines...

El estudio relata la experiencia de educación continuada, basada en la metodología problematizadora, que presentó como escenario el Centro de Material y Esterilización; fue realizada en octubre de 2009 con 18 profesionales de enfermería y 8 del servicio de higienización. Tuvo inicio por medio de la observación de la realidad laboral de los profesionales a partir de la cual surgieron los puntos clave relacionados a riesgos ambientales del trabajo para la teorización, realizada por charlas, exposición de materiales instrucionales y otras dinámicas de grupo. Después de esta etapa, fueron compuestas estrategias para suplir las necesidades que vienen de la realidad concreta; por fin los conocimientos (re)formulados fueron aplicados en orientaciones con las parejas. Con esa experiencia, se verificó que la aplicación de la metodología problematizadora posibilitó un nuevo modo de pensar, valorar y aplicar el conocimiento personal en el cotidiano de la unidad...

Trabalho e acidentes no meio rural do Oeste Catarinense - Santa Catarina, Brasil / Agricultural work-related accidents in the west of Santa Catarina, Brazil

Este estudo objetivou verificar a ocorrência de acidentes e características do trabalhador rural do Oeste de Santa Catarina, Brasil. Foram utilizados 60 questionários padronizados, com dados sociodemográficos, de trabalho e acidente laboral. Predominam os chefes de família (60%), com idade entre 41 e 60 anos e os casados (68,3%), com escolaridade média entre 4 a 8 anos, sendo 97% de famílias proprietárias, com área rural acima de 8 hectares representando 83,3%. A jornada semanal de trabalho de 80% dos trabalhadores rurais ultrapassa 40 horas semanais, com 20% de ocorrência de acidentes. Os dados revelam a diversidade de atividades e de riscos ocupacionais e alertam para a urgência na abordagem da vigilância em saúde pública, onde os acidentes de trabalho no meio rural estão a merecer atenção nas políticas sociais brasileiras, além de não participarem das estatísticas oficiais do país.

The aim of the present study was to check the characteristics of agricultural workers and the incidence of work-related accidents in the west of Santa Catarina, Brazil. Sixty patterned questionnaires were used, and data on sociodemographics, work, and workplace accidents were collected. The percentage of household heads aged between 41 and 60 years amounted to 60% and that of married ones totaled 68.3%, with average school attendance between 4 and 8 years; 97% were landowners, among whom 83.3% owned more than 8 hectares. The average weekly workload of 80% of agricultural workers exceeds 40 hours, with a 20% incidence of workplace accidents. These data show the variety of activities and occupational hazards and point out an urgent need for public health surveillance, since accidents involving agricultural workers usually do not appear in the official statistics and still have to be addressed by Brazilian social policies.